Many techniques are followed both by in vivo and in vitro methods for haploid production. The process of apomixis or parthenogenesis is responsible for producing spontaneous natural haploids. Methods of Haploid Production There are two way for the production of haploid plants. In case of polyploidy, it is very useful by haploid induction to work at a lower ploidy level.Selection for recessive traits in recombinant lines is more efficient since these are not masked by the effects of dominant alleles.Homozygous recombinant line can be developed in one generation instead of after numerous backcross generations.By the methods of haploid production, time can be redued for a variety development, e.g.Rapid generation of homozygous genotypes may be produced after chromosome doubling.Some Agricultural applications for haploids They have great importance for improving plants in agricultural applications or in plant breeding programs. These haploid plants are sexually sterile that’s why doubling of the chromosomes is required to produce fertile plants which are called doubled haploids. Haploid plants produce homozygous lines or homozygous plants. potato, wheat, tobacco (a dihaploid) etc. These haploids contain half of the chromosome number from a polyploid species. Polyhaploids: Haploid from a polyploid (n>x) having more than one genome set in which prefix indicates genome complement number is termed as polyhaploids. Monoploids (Monohaploids): Haploids that are derived from a diploid and x is one genomic complement is termed as monoploids.Haploids may be divided into two categories : In haploids, gametic number (n) may not be equivalent to x. Haploids may be originated from a gametic cell in the embryo sac or in the pollen grain. These are in contrast of diploids containing two sets of chromosomes. Haploid Breeding Haploids are sporophytic plants that are autonomous and possess only a single set of chromosomes (gametophytic chromosome number).
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